Building construction



l Oct. 28, 1930. s. M. FRlEDMAN v 1,780,013

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Fild March 29. 1927 sheets-sheet v1 Fzgl /f 5f ,fl m f ff www www A TTORNEYS.

odi. 2*.8, 1930. s M, FRlEDMAN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 29, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 WWK/Mk.

Oct. 28, 1930. s. M.. FRIEDMAN v 1,780,013

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed March 29, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEYS.

raented'oa. 2s, manV y A p 1,730,013;A I

` UNIfT-IED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE SAMUEL M. rnrnnnniv, or TAYLOR,- rnmisYLviiNIA l l nuinnrivefconsrnucrioiv i n i y `Application filed March 29, 1927. Serial No. 1i7El,351. A K This invention relates to building conin case the groundunderneath thefloor gives f struction and more particularly to buildings away.

specially constructed to withstand cave-ins VA. further object ofthe inventiony is the and the like incident to the settling of ground provision of means for forming the cellar j 5 in mining districts. iioor embodying supporting joists having a55 In certain mining districts, particularly Vin wire mesh thereover for receiving a concrete coal mining regions, the mines have been fioor, the wire mesh-forming means for preextended under l whole townsV and counties. venting the breaking of the floor in case of the In the course lof time the ground settles causgiving away of the ground, the joists of the l0 ing the sinking of houses built thereon. In cellar being suspended by means of studs orl 60 particular instances houses have entirely disthe like from the girders or joists of the rst appeared fromsight and in other instances Hoor. i

the iioors `of cellars or portions thereof have further object ,of the invention is the brokenfawayY and fallen inthe mines. provision of means of forming the cellar floor 15 During'the settling of the houses, the and the girders or joists and sills of the first 65 ground does not sink uniformly, which causes ioor of the house independent from vthe stress on thehousesat diiferent points. This foundation walls of the house, piers being causes the breaking away'of j oists, the crackprovided between the cellar floor and founda-r ing of plaster, the breaking ofv show'window tion walls for supporting the girders or under glass and the like, often rendering the houses struCtliIe 0f the hOuSe, jacks being adapted '70 entirely uniit for occupancy or necessitating to be placed between the piers or girders so a' great expense for the repair thereof. The f as to permit the lifting and leveling of the settling of the ground extends over `a great house during the sinking of the foundation period of time, which either makes it neces-y .walls and ground, the piers also forming sary to leave the houses in theirbroken state means for Strengthening the foundation walls 75 until the ground has completely settled or to JfOrk preventing the inward collapsing thereof Hurk@ Continuous repairs ther-e011, Clullng the Slllllllg Of the glOLlIlC-l.

It yis therefore onejofthe salient features A 'further Object of the invention is the of the invention to provide a novel method of PI'OVlSlOIl` of @XteIiSOnS on the floor joists of building houses for such districts, the inventhe hOUSB S0` as toforin arms for engaging the 'S0 tion comprehending novel means for Yanchorgroundl should thel supports for the house ing and bracing the sills of a house together, glV' away ne arms benlg i nofmlly SUP* whereby all of the sills will give or rock to- 'Ported by Studs 0f Post? dlsllosrednponnfon' getlieras a single unit, so that the walls of Cnet@ Wnn 01 ,fonndatlon @Xtendlng @ntlely the houses built thereon will not be subjected nl'onndftnnnons@ tn@ nuns .fofmlngneans 85 to uneven stress and thus prevent the crack-v IQSUl-)lportmg a Porch or anular* Structure lf ing of thewalls, plaster and the like. ,CQSHECI Y. 1 E Y Another object of the invention is the prot' A fult'lntl lbltntn? fn? llvmtlpn. l 40 vision of means carried by the sills forming piove er l L? l( uib iilfbma, -nlunH-l 99 arms for receivin the heads of liftin `acks C mulets Olt le a 90W 'C ialmtel lime l W1 g g l Y be durablein use, one that will be simple and 0 1' the him whereby the house Can. be effec easy to construct and one'which can be built tively raised into proper even position asthe t i, com ,natively LOW @Osh ground glVeS'Ol Slnksi lith these and other objects in view, the

'45 A further Object 0f the invention' is tn@ inventioirconsists inthe novel construction, 95

PI'OVSOn 0f novelnenns fnl' bnndngnnouge arrangement and formation of parts, as will for mining districts having a .cellar lor basebe hereinafter more vspecifically described, ment, in which the cellar floor ris suspended claimed, and illustrated in the'accompanyfrom the girders or sills of the house, so that ing drawings, in which drawings:

50 the cellar floor will be held againstmovement Figure l is a top'plan view of Ithey frame-y 10Q showing the method of using face brick in e connection with the framework,y

Figure 5 a. top plan lview partly broken away and in section showing the framework of a further ferm of my invention,

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view illustrating kthe novel formation of the house shown in Figure 5 and the meansof constructing the cellar relative to the framework of the. house.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary side elevation of a building constructed in accordance with this invention.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views the letter A generallyy indicates a framework for a building B, which is constructed in accordance with one form of my invention.

In this form of the invention the framework A comprises longitudinally extending spaced parallel plates 15, which are prefera steel and these plates are connected by cross end plates 16 which are also formed from structural steel or the lik-e. Thek terminals of the plates 15 and 16 are extended beyond the (.:oi'uers of the frame to provide projecting arm 17. the piu-pese of which will be later described. Suitable beams or joists 18 are placed upon the cross plates1i5 and are. bolted to the plaies by the use of suitable take up bolts or the like 19. These beams 18 extend beyond the plates as clearly shown in Figure 3 of the drawings. It to be understood that the steel plates 16 and 17 are rigidly bolted together to form a unitary structure and the sa ine can be brace d together in any desired way, such as by the use of diagonally extending corner braces Q() which are riveted' or bolted to the plates 16 aud 15.

This frame A is placed directly upon suitable piers Q1 which can be constructed of any desired material, such as brick, stone or concrete, or the piers can simply consist of wood supporting posts or the like.

After the framework A is constructed as shown the house B is built upon and anchored to the framework and the house is built in the ordinary way according to any desired plan. It can be seen however, that by providing a rigid unitary frame upon which the house is built, that the house will be not subly constructed from structural iron or.

'of the jacks suitable wedges or the like can .be slipped in between the piers and the frame A.

I Vprefer'to bevel the upper faces of the projecting ends of the beams or sills 1S and these ends can receive suitable boards or ythe like 23 which forms a substantial cornice around the bottom of the house. This can be used a ledge for receiving ower pots or tbe like, 0r as a bench. f

,lVheu using face brick for a building, I prefer to provide an upturned flange 24 on the front edges of the plates 15 and 1G and in this instance the plates will be in the nature ot angle irons. The first course of face brick 25 is laid directly on the plates and this course will beheld in place by the front flange of the plates. The subsequent courses of the bricks are laid ydirectly upon the first course.

In Figures 5 to 7 inclusive I have shown another form of my improved house, which I prefer to consider as the preferred form. This building is generally indicated by the reference character C and can embody a cellar D.

This building C embodies a frame 30 which can be constructed similar to the frame A and embodies longitudinally extending and cross plates or girders 31 and 39.. yThese girders or plates are rigidly connected together and braced in any desired way. such as by diagonal braces 33, to form the rigid unitary structure7 which is essential in my building. This frame 30 supports suitable joists 34, upon which are laid and secured to the spaced parallel longitudinally extending floor joists or stringers 35. The ends of these stringers are extended beyond the floor joists 34 a considerable distance to form a plurality of laterally extending supporting arms 36, the purpose of which will be hereinafter brought out. f

Any desired type of building is now constructed upon the frame and stringers.

In accordance with usual building construction I provide foundation walls 37 which form the sides for the cellar D. However,

Lin View of the nature of the ground upon porting posts or struts 39 upon the walk and under the ends of the arms 36. If desired suitable caps l0 can be constructed on the walk for receiring the posts or struts 39.

l also provide at spaced points interior piers 1li), which also form a salient feature of this invention. rihese piers Ll() can be constructed from any desired material and of any desired size and are placed against the walls 32", so as to prevent the bulging in'of the wall if the ground should sink or settle. These l i rs terminate short of the frame and if the building tok settle jacks el can be placed in between the frame and the liers so as to raise and true the building,

suitable wedges or supporting posts being` placed between they piers and the building af- L .p ,s .Q Lllfi? .`T1- .u ser t ie raising oi ti e ouilcnng. i a so picfer to hare the upper faces ofthe piers inclined outwardly so as to prevent the snpping of the jacks and supporting wedges.

rllhe cell r D isv also constructed ina novel manner and l build a framework 42 for the door of the cellar. This framework can be constructed from suitable floor stringers or the like and are rigidly connected by means of posts or studdingl beams e3 with the girders or plates 32. Thus the cellar ioor is suspended from and supported by the bottom frame of the house.

ln order to preventthe breaking` in or caving of the cellar floor in case the ground should give totally away therefrom l cover .ie strinoers or cellar r or ran. w u., tl t g l rlo f i ie ork A9 with a heavyY wire mesh le and concrete l5 is then poured thereon forming a substantialy floor.

By this construction, it can be seen that the building is formed independent ofthe founda tion walls and that these walls can sink or settle in the ground without effecting the building or the cellar.

ythe walls thereof so as to form arms for receivingl shoring if necessary and cornice.

Braces or straps 1l-G can kbe extended from one floor to the other to prevent the building from collapsing or bulging, if so desired.

From the foregoing description, vit can be seen that l have provided a. novel building particularly adapt-edV for mining districts in Y which the collapsing of the building is are-l cluded. n Y

Changes in details may be made witl'iout departing from the spirit or scope of this in` vention, but what l claim as new is constructed, a cellar floor, and means for sus- 1.111 a building constructionv for settling ground in mining districts, a. supporting framework upon which a building is adapted to be constructed, comprising longitudinal and cross plates rigidly connected together against independent movement, supports for the framework, joists upon the framework projectingbeyond the plates and connected thereto, the projecting ends of the supports forming arms adapted to be engaged by lifting jacks to facilitate the raising and leveling of the framework.

2. 1n va building for mining areas, a rigidv framework upon which a building is to be pending the cellar floor directly from said framework.

3. ln a building construction for mining areas, a. rigid framework upon which a build-A ing is to be constructed, piers independent of said framework, and elevating means adapted Ato beinterposed between the piers yand framework.

- the building relative to said walls.

5.` ln a building construction for mining areas, a riO'id primary framework movable as a single unit upon which a. building is to be constructed, foundation cellar walls independent of the framework, interior piers arranged below the framework and engaging the cellar walls at spaced points to form braces therefor, lifting elements disposed between the piers and framework, and a cellar floor independent of the cellar wall.

6. ln a building construction, a rigid primary framework movable as a single unit, floor stringere connected with and supported said framework and projecting laterally thereof,*cellar walls arranged below theL framework and independent thereof, a`concrete foundation walk isposed aromucL said walls, meansyfor supporting the t framework engaging the foundation and said floor stringere, a cellar floor independent of said walls, and means for suspending the floor from said framework. f

7.' ln a building construction for mining a primary rigid framework movable as a single unit upon which a building is to be constructed, cellar walls arranged below the framework and independent thereof, a cellar floor independent of the cellar walls, means for suspending the floor from the framework, a plurality of supporting piers disposed at spaced points about the cellar walls and in engagement therewith terminatinglbelow the upper edge of said walls and below the framework, and means for adjusting the frame# work on said piers',

8. In a building construction, a rigid primary framework movable as a single unit,

'floor stringers eonneeted with and supported by said framework and projecting laterally thereof, cell :1r walls below the framework and independent thereof, a concrete foundation walk disposed around said walls,tl1e stringere projecting over said welk, Supporting posts enraging` the stringere and walk, a cellar ioor independent of the eel ar walls, means for l`euspendingry the floor from tlie framework, a plurality of supporting' piers disposed at spaced pointe about the cellar walls and in engagen'lent therewith tern'iinating below the upper edge of said Walle and below the framework, and means for adjusting the framework on said piers.

9. In a building construction for mining areasp` a primary rigid framework movable as :i single unit upon which a building is adapted to be constructed, a Cellar floor including floor stringers, a wire screen secured to said stringere, a Concrete floor facing eupported by Said screen and stringers, and studding beams connecting the cellar floor stringers with the framework for supporting the same.

In testimony whereof I aflix my Signature.

SAMUEL M. FRIEDMAN.r 

